{"id":73108,"date":"2026-09-12T14:36:42","date_gmt":"2026-09-12T14:36:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/topauniversity.com\/?page_id=73108"},"modified":"2026-09-12T14:36:42","modified_gmt":"2026-09-12T14:36:42","slug":"ri%c2%b2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/topauniversity.com\/en\/ri%c2%b2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (RI\u00b2): \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.aub.edu.lb\/lmeho\/ri2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (RI\u00b2): \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/a><\/h1>\n<hr class=\"ri2-divider\" \/>\n<h2>\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0641 <strong>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/strong> (<a href=\"https:\/\/sites.aub.edu.lb\/lmeho\/ri2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Research Integrity Risk Index<\/em><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0640 <strong>RI\u00b2<\/strong>) \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u064f\u0637\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0637\u064f\u0648\u0651\u0650\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0651\u0648 (<em>Lokman I. Meho<\/em>) \u0648\u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 <em>Scientometrics<\/em>\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 (<em>Early Warning System<\/em>) \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<hr class=\"ri2-divider\" \/>\n<h2>\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 RI\u00b2 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0631\u0635\u062f \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a (<em>Misconduct<\/em>) \u0636\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u0635\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f RI\u00b2 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 (<em>Risk Exposure<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 (OECD Fields of Science and Technology \u0639\u0628\u0631 InCites)\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629) \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u0629 (<em>Capping<\/em>).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr class=\"ri2-divider\" \/>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 RI\u00b2<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b (\u0645\u062b\u0644 Scopus \u0648Web of Science \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a Retraction Watch):<\/p>\n<h3>1. \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0630\u0648\u0641\u0629 (Delisted Journal Rate &#8211; D-Rate)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0637\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u064b (<em>Delisted \/ Discontinued<\/em>) \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 (Scopus \/ Clarivate Web of Science) \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0648\u0647.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 (Retraction Rate &#8211; R-Rate)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641:<\/strong> \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 (<em>Retracted Papers<\/em>) \u0644\u0643\u0644 1,000 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u062f:<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f Retraction Watch \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a Crossref \u0648PubMed \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u062d\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (Institutional Self-Citation Rate &#8211; S-Rate)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641:<\/strong> \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f &#8220;\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629&#8221; (<em>Citation Rings<\/em>) \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4. \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 (Retraction Citation Exposure &#8211; C-Rate)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641:<\/strong> \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0633\u062d\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a (<em>Post-Retraction Citations<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr class=\"ri2-divider\" \/>\n<h2>\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 (RI\u00b2 Score)<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a (Min-Max Normalization):<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 (0 \u0648 1) \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 (Equal Weighting):<\/strong> \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b (25% \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631)\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0637\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 1,000 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr class=\"ri2-divider\" \/>\n<h2><a href=\"https:\/\/topauniversity.com\/en\/%d9%85%d8%b5%d9%81%d9%88%d9%81%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%b4%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%b4\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 (Risk Tiers)<\/a><\/h2>\n<div class=\"ri2-table-wrapper\">\n<table class=\"ri2-table\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 (Risk Tier)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u064a\u0646\u064a (Percentile)<\/th>\n<th>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"ri2-badge ri2-badge-red\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 (Red Flag)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u2265 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u064a\u0646 95<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"ri2-badge ri2-badge-orange\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 (High Risk)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u064a\u0646 90 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 95<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"ri2-badge ri2-badge-yellow\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 (Watch List)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u064a\u0646 75 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 90<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"ri2-badge ri2-badge-blue\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a (Normal Variation)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u064a\u0646 50 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 75<\/td>\n<td>\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"ri2-badge ri2-badge-green\">\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 (Low Risk)<\/span><\/td>\n<td>\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u064a\u0646 50<\/td>\n<td>\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<hr class=\"ri2-divider\" \/>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 RI\u00b2 \u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 &#8220;\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0631\u0635\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Meho, L. I. (2025). <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11192-025-05480-2\">Gaming the Metrics: Bibliometric Anomalies in Global University Rankings and the Research Integrity Risk Index (RI\u00b2).<\/a><i>Scientometrics, 1<span data-test=\"journal-volume\">30<\/span><\/i>, 6683\u20136726. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11192-025-05480-2<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (RI\u00b2): \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":73109,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-topa-page.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-73108","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (RI\u00b2): \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 - \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\/Top Arab University Rankings<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/topauniversity.com\/en\/ri\u00b2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a (RI\u00b2): \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 - 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